{"id":81,"date":"2023-02-07T14:26:55","date_gmt":"2023-02-07T14:26:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/paper\/?page_id=81"},"modified":"2026-08-03T12:42:21","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T16:42:21","slug":"chapter-27","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/thinkingonpaper\/chapter-27\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 27: Politics and Identity in Taiwan \u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u8ba4\u540c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u73b0\u72b6[1]<\/p>\n

\u6700\u8fd1\u7cfb[2] \u91cc\u8bf7\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u4ece\u53f0\u6e7e\u6765\u7684\u6559\u6388\u7ed9\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u662f\u300a\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u8ba4\u540c\u300b\u3002\u6211\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9898\u76ee\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u4e0d\u592a\u6d41\u5229[3] \uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1[4] \uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a[5] \u90fd\u542c\u61c2\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u662f\u4ece\u53f0\u6e7e\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u6211\u61c2\u4e8b[6] \u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u53f0\u6e7e\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u8fd9\u4f4d\u53f0\u6e7e\u6559\u6388\u5728\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5374\u8bf4\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b[7] \u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4f4e\u4e86\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f80\u300190\u4ee5\u540e\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u516b\u5341\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\uff0c\u8ddf\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u60ca\u8bb6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u636e\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5728\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0a\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8fdc\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ddf\u5927\u9646\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u30021895\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u201c\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4e89\u201d[8] \uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u6253\u8d25\u4e86\u3002\u6e05\u671d\u653f\u5e9c\u9664\u4e86\u8d54\u6b3e[9] \u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u628a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5272\u8ba9[10] \u7ed9\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8650\u5e74\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff1a\u6e05\u671d\u653f\u5e9c\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u628a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5f53\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u6253\u4e86\u8d25\u4ed7[11] \uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5f53[12] \u4e00\u4ef6\u793c\u7269\u4e00\u6837\u9001\u7ed9\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u8ba9\u53f0\u6e7e\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4e9a\u6d32[13] \u7684\u5b64\u513f[14] \u201d\u30021945\u5e74\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218[15] \u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6218\u8d25[16] \u4e86\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u53c8\u8fd8\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5185\u6218[17] \uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u975e\u5e38\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5e74(1945-1949)\u5c31\u88ab\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6253\u8d25\u4e86\u30021949\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u9000[18] \u5230\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4ece1895\u52301945\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c1945\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u53c8\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb[19] \u5e95\u4e0b\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u603b\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u7ba1\u7406[20] \u8fc7\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u800c\u603b\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u89c9\u662f\u5f88\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e86\u89e3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u540c\u60c5[21] \u3002
\n1945\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u63a8\u884c\u6c11\u4e3b[22] \uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u515a\u72ec\u88c1[23] \u3002\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u65b0\u95fb\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650[24] \u7684\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u6210\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u515a[25] \u30021975\u5e74\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u848b\u7ecf\u56fd\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba[26] \uff0c\u4ed6\u6bd4\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u5f00\u660e[27] \uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u5730\u4ece\u4e8b[28] \u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4f7f\u53f0\u6e7e\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5e74\u4e4b\u5185\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4e9a\u6d32\u56db\u5c0f\u9f99\u201d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d77\u98de[29] \u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

Notes:<\/h3>\n

\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3 Ji\u01ceng Ji\u00e8sh\u00ed, or Chiang Kai-shek (1887-1975), was a Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975.<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u6c11\u515a Gu\u00f3m\u00edn d\u01ceng; The Kuomintang of China was once the ruling political party of the Republic of China in Mainland China and later in Taiwan.<\/p>\n

\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c M\u00e1o Z\u00e9d\u014dng (1893-1976), commonly referred to as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary and the founding father of the People’s Republic of China.<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u6d32\u56db\u5c0f\u9f99 Y\u00e0zh\u014du s\u00ec xi\u01ceol\u00f3ng, or the Four Little Dragons of Asia, is a term used in reference to Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan.<\/p>\n

\u848b\u7ecf\u56fd Ji\u01ceng J\u012bnggu\u00f3 (1910-1988), the eldest son of Chiang Kai-shek and his successor in Taiwan<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u72b6<\/td>xi\u00e0nzhu\u00e0ng<\/td>n.<\/td>current situation<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7cfb<\/td>x\u00ec<\/td>n.<\/td>department (in a university)<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6d41\u5229<\/td>li\u00fal\u00ec<\/td>adj.<\/td>fluent<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7ffb\u8bd1<\/td>f\u0101ny\u00ec<\/td>v.\/n.<\/td>to translate; translation<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a<\/td>j\u012bb\u011bnshang<\/td>adv.<\/td>basically; on the whole; by and large<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u61c2\u4e8b<\/td>d\u01d2ngsh\u00ec<\/td>v.<\/td>(of a child) to be able to make judgments; be sensible<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/td>b\u01d0l\u00ec<\/td>n.<\/td>percentage; rate<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4e89<\/td>Ji\u01cew\u01d4 Zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng<\/td>n.<\/td>The Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895)<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u8d54\u6b3e<\/td>p\u00e9iku\u01cen<\/td>n.<\/td>reparations; indemnity<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u5272\u8ba9<\/td>g\u0113r\u00e0ng<\/td>v.<\/td>to cede<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u8d25\u4ed7<\/td>b\u00e0izh\u00e0ng<\/td>n.<\/td>a lost battle; defeat<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u5f53<\/td>d\u0101ng<\/td>v.<\/td>to treat sth. \/sb. as \u2026<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u4e9a\u6d32<\/td>Y\u00e0zh\u014du<\/td>n.<\/td>Asia<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u5b64\u513f<\/td>g\u016b\u2019\u00e9r<\/td>n.<\/td>orphan<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u4e8c\u6218<\/td>\u00c8rzh\u00e0n<\/td>n.<\/td>World War II<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6218\u8d25<\/td>zh\u00e0nb\u00e0i<\/td>v.<\/td>to be defeated<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u5185\u6218<\/td>n\u00e8izh\u00e0n<\/td>n.<\/td>civil war<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u9000<\/td>tu\u00ec<\/td>v.<\/td>to retreat<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7edf\u6cbb<\/td>t\u01d2ngzh\u00ec<\/td>v.<\/td>to govern<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>gu\u01cenl\u01d0<\/td>v.\/n.<\/td>to manage; management<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u540c\u60c5<\/td>t\u00f3ngq\u00edng<\/td>v.\/n.<\/td>to sympathize; sympathy<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6c11\u4e3b<\/td>m\u00ednzh\u01d4<\/td>n.\/adj.<\/td>democracy; democratic \u6c11\u4e3b+\u5236\u5ea6\/\u56fd\u5bb6<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u72ec\u88c1<\/td>d\u00fac\u00e1i<\/td>n.<\/td>dictatorship<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6709\u9650<\/td>y\u01d2uxi\u00e0n<\/td>adj.<\/td>limited<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u653f\u515a<\/td>zh\u00e8ngd\u01ceng<\/td>n.<\/td>party<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba<\/td>l\u01d0ngd\u01ceor\u00e9n<\/td>n.<\/td>leader of a country or party<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u5f00\u660e<\/td>k\u0101im\u00edng<\/td>n.<\/td>liberal; open-minded<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u4ece\u4e8b<\/td>c\u00f3ngsh\u00ec<\/td>v.<\/td>to undertake; to take up (as a profession)<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u8d77\u98de<\/td>q\u01d0f\u0113i<\/td>v.\/n.<\/td>to take off; (economic) take-off<\/td><\/td><\/tr><\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u73b0\u72b6[1] \u6700\u8fd1\u7cfb[2] \u91cc\u8bf7\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u4ece\u53f0\u6e7e\u6765\u7684\u6559\u6388\u7ed9\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u662f\u300a\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u8ba4\u540c\u300b\u3002\u6211\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9898\u76ee\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u4e0d\u592a\u6d41\u5229[3] \uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1[4] \uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a[5] \u90fd\u542c\u61c2\u4e86\u3002 \u6211\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u662f\u4ece\u53f0\u6e7e\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u6211\u61c2\u4e8b[6] \u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u53f0\u6e7e\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u8fd9\u4f4d\u53f0\u6e7e\u6559\u6388\u5728\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5374\u8bf4\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b[7] \u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4f4e\u4e86\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f80\u300190\u4ee5\u540e\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u516b\u5341\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\uff0c\u8ddf\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u60ca\u8bb6\u3002 \u636e\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5728\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0a\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8fdc\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ddf\u5927\u9646\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u30021895\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u201c\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4e89\u201d[8] \uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u6253\u8d25\u4e86\u3002\u6e05\u671d\u653f\u5e9c\u9664\u4e86\u8d54\u6b3e[9] \u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u628a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5272\u8ba9[10] \u7ed9\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8650\u5e74\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff1a\u6e05\u671d\u653f\u5e9c\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u628a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5f53\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u6253\u4e86\u8d25\u4ed7[11] \uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5f53[12] 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\u30021975\u5e74\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u848b\u7ecf\u56fd\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba[26] \uff0c\u4ed6\u6bd4\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u5f00\u660e[27] \uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u5730\u4ece\u4e8b[28] \u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4f7f\u53f0\u6e7e\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5e74\u4e4b\u5185\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4e9a\u6d32\u56db\u5c0f\u9f99\u201d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d77\u98de[29] \u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3002 Notes: \u848b\u4ecb\u77f3 Ji\u01ceng Ji\u00e8sh\u00ed, or Chiang Kai-shek (1887-1975), was a Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":27,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-narrative-"],"layer_data":{"structure":"

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