{"id":49,"date":"2023-02-03T17:24:54","date_gmt":"2023-02-03T17:24:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/paper\/?page_id=49"},"modified":"2026-08-03T12:42:21","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T16:42:21","slug":"%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e4%ba%ba%e5%9c%a8%e6%94%b9%e5%8f%98","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/thinkingonpaper\/%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e4%ba%ba%e5%9c%a8%e6%94%b9%e5%8f%98\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 11: Chinese People Are Changing \u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u6539\u53d8"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8c08\u5230\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u7528\u90fd\u5e02\u6216\u9ad8\u94c1\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u770b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5177\u4f53 \u6539\u53d8\uff1a\u7834\u843d \u9648\u65e7 \u7684\u56db\u5408\u9662 \u3001\u5c0f\u80e1\u540c \u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u5c42 \u9ad8\u7684\u6469\u5929\u5927\u697c \u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u4e86\uff1b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u516d\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u6ee1\u8857\u7684\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u65e9\u5df2\u88ab\u6c7d\u8f66\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8fdb\u6b65\uff1b\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u53e4\u8ff9\u7684\u7834\u574f \u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u591a\u6570 \u5f00\u6c7d\u8f66\u4f4f\u9ad8\u697c\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u6b22\u8fce \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u6000\u5ff5 \u6324\u5728\u56db\u5408\u9662\u91cc\uff0c\u8fc7\u7740\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u6765\u6c34 \u3001\u62bd\u6c34\u9a6c\u6876 \u548c\u7a7a\u8c03\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u5171 \u573a\u5408 \u62bd\u70df\u662f\u5f88\u5e73\u5e38 \u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u996d\u9986\u513f\u91cc\uff0c\u7535\u5f71\u9662\u91cc\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u90fd\u8d34 \u7740\u201c\u8bf7\u52ff\u5438\u70df\u201d \u7684\u724c\u5b50 \uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5438\u70df\u7684\u4eba\u5374\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f \uff0c\u706b\u8f66\u4e0a\uff0c\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u4e0a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u7535\u68af \u91cc\u90fd\u6709\u4eba\u5438\u70df\uff01\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u5438\u4e8c\u624b\u70df \u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u91cc\u6709\u4e86\u663e\u8457 \u7684\u6539\u5584\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u653f\u5e9c\u52a0\u5927 \u4e86\u7981\u70df \u7684\u529b\u5ea6 \uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u81ea\u89c9 \uff0c\u5728\u516c\u5171\u573a\u5408\u8fdd\u89c4 \u5438\u70df\u7684\u4eba\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5177\u4f53<\/td>j\u00f9t\u01d0<\/td>adj.<\/td>concrete; specific<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7834\u843d<\/td>p\u00f2lu\u00f2<\/td>adj.<\/td>dilapidated<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u9648\u65e7<\/td>ch\u00e9nji\u00f9<\/td>adj.<\/td>outdated; obsolete<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u56db\u5408\u9662<\/td>s\u00ech\u00e9yu\u00e0n<\/td>n.<\/td>a compound with houses around a square courtyard<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u80e1\u540c<\/td>h\u00fatong<\/td>n.<\/td>lane; alley<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u5c42<\/td>c\u00e9ng<\/td>m.w.<\/td>story; floor<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6469\u5929\u5927\u697c<\/td>m\u00f3ti\u0101n d\u00e0l\u00f3u<\/td>n.<\/td>skyscraper<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7834\u574f<\/td>p\u00f2hu\u00e0i<\/td>v.<\/td>to destroy; to do great damage to<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u591a\u6570<\/td>du\u014dsh\u00f9<\/td>n.<\/td>the majority<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6b22\u8fce<\/td>hu\u0101ny\u00edng<\/td>v.<\/td>to welcome<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6000\u5ff5<\/td>hu\u00e1ini\u00e0n<\/td>v.<\/td>to remember fondly; to reminisce<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u81ea\u6765\u6c34<\/td>z\u00ecl\u00e1i shu\u01d0<\/td>n.<\/td>running water; tap water<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u62bd\u6c34\u9a6c\u6876<\/td>ch\u014dushu\u01d0 m\u01cet\u01d2ng<\/td>n.<\/td>flush toilet<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u516c\u5171<\/td>g\u014dngg\u00f2ng<\/td>adj.<\/td>public; common<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u573a\u5408<\/td>ch\u01cengh\u00e9<\/td>n.<\/td>occasion; situation<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u5e73\u5e38<\/td>p\u00edngch\u00e1ng<\/td>adj.<\/td>ordinary; common<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u8d34<\/td>ti\u0113<\/td>v.<\/td>to put up (a poster, notice, etc.)<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u8bf7\u52ff\u5438\u70df<\/td>q\u01d0ng w\u00f9 x\u012by\u0101n<\/td>phr.<\/td>No smoking<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u724c\u5b50<\/td>p\u00e1izi<\/td>n.<\/td>plate, sign<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f<\/td>b\u01d0b\u01d0 ji\u0113sh\u00ec<\/td>adj.<\/td>can be found everywhere; all around<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7535\u68af<\/td>di\u00e0nt\u012b<\/td>n.<\/td>lift; elevator<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u4e8c\u624b\u70df<\/td>\u00e8rsh\u01d2u y\u0101n<\/td>n.<\/td>second-hand smoke<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u663e\u8457<\/td>xi\u01cenzh\u00f9<\/td>adj.<\/td>notable; remarkable<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u52a0\u5927<\/td>ji\u0101d\u00e0<\/td>v.<\/td>to enlarge; to augment; to increase<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u7981\u70df<\/td>j\u00ecny\u0101n<\/td>v.-o.<\/td>to ban smoking (in public areas)<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u529b\u5ea6<\/td>l\u00ecd\u00f9<\/td>n.<\/td>strength; force<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u81ea\u89c9<\/td>z\u00ecju\u00e9<\/td>adj.<\/td>consciously; on one\u2019s own initiative<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u8fdd\u89c4<\/td>w\u00e9igu\u012b<\/td>v.-o.<\/td>to violate regulations; to break the rules<\/td><\/td><\/tr><\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8c08\u5230\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u7528\u90fd\u5e02\u6216\u9ad8\u94c1\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u770b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5177\u4f53 \u6539\u53d8\uff1a\u7834\u843d \u9648\u65e7 \u7684\u56db\u5408\u9662 \u3001\u5c0f\u80e1\u540c \u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u5c42 \u9ad8\u7684\u6469\u5929\u5927\u697c \u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u4e86\uff1b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u516d\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u6ee1\u8857\u7684\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u65e9\u5df2\u88ab\u6c7d\u8f66\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8fdb\u6b65\uff1b\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u53e4\u8ff9\u7684\u7834\u574f \u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u591a\u6570 \u5f00\u6c7d\u8f66\u4f4f\u9ad8\u697c\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u6b22\u8fce \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u6000\u5ff5 \u6324\u5728\u56db\u5408\u9662\u91cc\uff0c\u8fc7\u7740\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u6765\u6c34 \u3001\u62bd\u6c34\u9a6c\u6876 \u548c\u7a7a\u8c03\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u3002 \u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u5171 \u573a\u5408 \u62bd\u70df\u662f\u5f88\u5e73\u5e38 \u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u996d\u9986\u513f\u91cc\uff0c\u7535\u5f71\u9662\u91cc\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u90fd\u8d34 \u7740\u201c\u8bf7\u52ff\u5438\u70df\u201d \u7684\u724c\u5b50 \uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5438\u70df\u7684\u4eba\u5374\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f \uff0c\u706b\u8f66\u4e0a\uff0c\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u4e0a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u7535\u68af \u91cc\u90fd\u6709\u4eba\u5438\u70df\uff01\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u5438\u4e8c\u624b\u70df \u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u91cc\u6709\u4e86\u663e\u8457 \u7684\u6539\u5584\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u653f\u5e9c\u52a0\u5927 \u4e86\u7981\u70df \u7684\u529b\u5ea6 \uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u81ea\u89c9 \uff0c\u5728\u516c\u5171\u573a\u5408\u8fdd\u89c4 \u5438\u70df\u7684\u4eba\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":11,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-argumentative-"],"layer_data":{"structure":"

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