{"id":75,"date":"2020-12-01T12:54:54","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T17:54:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/?page_id=75"},"modified":"2020-12-22T22:13:26","modified_gmt":"2020-12-23T03:13:26","slug":"global-health-dynamic-in-the-context-of-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/presentations\/global-health-dynamic-in-the-context-of-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"The Story of Khanyisa Peter: Apartheid&#8217;s Lasting Influence on South African Health Outcomes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>\u201cRacism is a visceral experience that dislodges brains, blocks airways, rips muscle, extracts organs, cracks bones, breaks teeth. You must never look away from this. You must always remember that the sociology, the history, the economics, the graphs, the charts, the regressions all land, with great violence, upon the body\u201d <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>&#8211; Ta-Nehisi Coates<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this project we take an ethnographic approach to understanding the dynamics at play in global health through the story of Khanyisa Peter (Zusakhe Mbasana), who\u2019s life and death reveals how structural violence such as the built environment can have grave implications for health outcomes. While her narrative is amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, the legacies of Apartheid and in particular the systematic neglect of non-white populations can be traced as the biggest factor of harm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Khanyisa was a community health worker in the Khayelitsha township of Cape Town, South Africa. Every day she helped women care for their malnourished infants. Khanyisa knowingly exposed herself to COVID-19 to support her community. Then, in the middle of a work day on August 2020, she died.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Khanyisa recognized the injustice of the township; the fact that the built environment and adverse conditions were negatively impacting her community. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We have contextualized her life narrative within broader conversations about global health including structural violence, historical consequences and colonial legacies, and social determinism in the hopes that students will learn from her story and become inspired to combat these harmful forces in the future.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_188\" style=\"width: 2235px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/view\/uex7O4qhulXVxvL422uB\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-188\" class=\"wp-image-188 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/235\/2020\/12\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-05-at-4.37.53-PM-e1607208025478.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2225\" height=\"1400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/235\/2020\/12\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-05-at-4.37.53-PM-e1607208025478.png 2225w, https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/235\/2020\/12\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-05-at-4.37.53-PM-e1607208025478-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/235\/2020\/12\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-05-at-4.37.53-PM-e1607208025478-1024x644.png 1024w, https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/235\/2020\/12\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-05-at-4.37.53-PM-e1607208025478-768x483.png 768w, https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/235\/2020\/12\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-05-at-4.37.53-PM-e1607208025478-1536x966.png 1536w, https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/235\/2020\/12\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-05-at-4.37.53-PM-e1607208025478-2048x1289.png 2048w, https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/235\/2020\/12\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-05-at-4.37.53-PM-e1607208025478-676x425.png 676w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2225px) 100vw, 2225px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-188\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click photo to view presentation<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Link to presentation: <a href=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/view\/uex7O4qhulXVxvL422uB\/\">https:\/\/prezi.com\/view\/uex7O4qhulXVxvL422uB\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>By:\u00a0Caroline Adkins,\u00a0Brigitte Harbers,\u00a0Beata Corcoran, and\u00a0Brooke Redwine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><!--more-->Bibliography<\/p>\n<p>Note: All images were taken in Khayelitsha by Beata in 2019.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cBoer War Begins in South Africa.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">History.com<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, A&amp;E Television Networks, 9 Feb. 2010, www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/boer-war-begins-in-south-africa.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cBefore Apartheid.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Facing History and Ourselves<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, www.facinghistory.org\/confronting-apartheid\/chapter-1\/introduction.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cThe Native Land Act Is Passed.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Native Land Act Is Passed | South African History Online<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 19 June 1913, www.sahistory.org.za\/dated-event\/native-land-act-passed.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cApartheid Legislation 1850s-1970s.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">South African History Online<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, www.sahistory.org.za\/article\/apartheid-legislation-1850s-1970s.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cSouth Africa Profile &#8211; 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Dover, Estelle V. Lambert, Naomi Levitt, and Vanessa Watson. \u201cMaking Unhealthy Places: The Built Environment and Non-Communicable Diseases in Khayelitsha, Cape Town.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Health &amp; Place<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> 39 (2016): 196\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healthplace.2016.04.006.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bowden, Robyn, Etai Even-Zahav, and Candice Kelly. \u201cInnovative Food Procurement Strategies of Women Living in Khayelitsha, Cape Town.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Urban Forum<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> 29, no. 3 (2018): 315\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12132-018-9338-3.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Farmer, Paul, And Amartya Sen. &#8220;On Suffering And Structural Violence: Social And Economic Rights In The Global Era.&#8221; In <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 29-50. University of California Press, 2003. http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.1525\/j.ctt1pnznf.7.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Huetteman, Emmarie. \u201cNurses and Doctors Sick With COVID Feel Pressured to Get Back to Work.\u201d Kaiser Health News, August 12, 2020. https:\/\/khn.org\/news\/nurses-and-doctors-sick-with-covid-feel-pressured-to-get-back-to-work\/.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cCoronavirus: Derby Consultant Manjeet Singh Riyat Dies.\u201d BBC News. BBC, April 20, 2020. https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-england-derbyshire-52362791.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Harding, Andrew. \u201cCoronavirus: Seven Zimbabwe Babies Stillborn in One Night at Hospital.\u201d BBC News. BBC, July 29, 2020. https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-53580559.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fisher, Max, and Emma Bubola. \u201cAs Coronavirus Deepens Inequality, Inequality Worsens Its Spread.\u201d The New York Times. The New York Times, March 15, 2020. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/03\/15\/world\/europe\/coronavirus-inequality.html.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Njiokiktjien, Photograph by Ilvy. \u201cApartheid Ended 29 Years Ago. How Has South Africa Changed?\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Culture<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 29 Apr. 2019, www.nationalgeographic.com\/culture\/2019\/04\/how-south-africa-changed-since-apartheid-born-free-generation\/.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dotschkal, Janna. \u201cLife on Hold: A Photographer Explores What It Means to Wait.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Photography<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 27 Oct. 2015, www.nationalgeographic.com\/photography\/proof\/2015\/10\/27\/portraits-of-the-patient-in-johannesburg\/.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Barron PM, Fisher SA. A district health service in Khayelitsha&#8211;panacea or pipedream? S Afr Med J. 1993 Aug;83(8):569-72. PMID: 8211516.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Artiga, Samantha. \u201cBeyond Health Care: The Role of Social Determinants in Promoting Health and Health Equity.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">KFF<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 10 May 2018, www.kff.org\/racial-equity-and-health-policy\/issue-brief\/beyond-health-care-the-role-of-social-determinants-in-promoting-health-and-health-equity\/.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cSocial Determinants of Health.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data\/social-determinants-health.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cSocial Determinants of Health.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">World Health Organization<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, World Health Organization, www.who.int\/health-topics\/social-determinants-of-health.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cHighlights From An Australian Interview With Sir Michael Marmot And His Recent Canadian Presentation To Health Economists.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Epimonitor.net<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 2011, epimonitor.net\/Michael_Marmot_Interview.htm.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Botha, L. \u201cKhayelitsha Hospital Challenges and Successes: PMG.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parliamentary Monitoring Group<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 25 Sept. 2018, pmg.org.za\/committee-meeting\/27112\/.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mumm, Rebekka et al. \u201cExploring urban health in Cape Town, South Africa: an interdisciplinary analysis of secondary data.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pathogens and global health<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> vol. 111,1 (2017): 7-22. doi:10.1080\/20477724.2016.1275463<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Abrams, Elissa M, and Stanley J Szefler. \u201cCOVID-19 and the Impact of Social Determinants of Health.\u201d <i>The Lancet Respiratory Medicine<\/i>, vol. 8, no. 7, 18 May 2020, pp. 659\u2013661., doi:10.1016\/s2213-2600(20)30234-4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cRacism is a visceral experience that dislodges brains, blocks airways, rips muscle, extracts organs, cracks bones, breaks teeth. You must never look away from this. You must always remember that the sociology, the history, the economics, the graphs, the charts, the regressions all land, with great violence, upon the body\u201d \u00a0&#8211; Ta-Nehisi Coates &nbsp; In<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/presentations\/global-health-dynamic-in-the-context-of-covid-19\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2163,"featured_media":190,"parent":47,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-nosidebar.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-75","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","post-preview"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/75","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2163"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/75\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":576,"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/75\/revisions\/576"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/47"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/ghp350-f20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}