{"id":3322,"date":"2021-10-28T16:24:05","date_gmt":"2021-10-28T20:24:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/contextos\/?p=3322"},"modified":"2023-08-16T15:17:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-16T19:17:00","slug":"pronombres-de-objeto-directo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/commons.princeton.edu\/contextos\/pronombres-de-objeto-directo\/","title":{"rendered":"Pronombres de objeto directo"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Direct object pronoun<\/h3>\n

If someone asked you, \u201cDo you read the newspaper every day?\u201d <\/em>you could reply: \u201cYes, I read it every day online<\/em>.\u201d In this example, the newspaper<\/strong> is the direct object<\/strong> and it<\/strong><\/em> in the answer is the direct object pronoun<\/strong> (D.O.P. for short).<\/p>\n

Uses<\/span><\/h3>\n

Direct objects receive the action of the verb and answer the questions who\/ whom?<\/em> Or what?<\/em> \u201cWhat do you read?<\/em>\u201d \u201cThe newspaper.<\/em>\u201d The direct object can be a single word or a complete phrase. Direct object pronouns replace the names of specific direct object nouns (such as the newspaper) and agree with them in number and gender.<\/p>\n

(1)<\/p>\n

Noun: \u00bfLees el peri\u00f3dico<\/strong> todos los d\u00edas?<\/p>\n

Do you read the newspaper every day?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

What do you read?\u00a0\u2192\u00a0el peri\u00f3dico<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

(2)<\/p>\n

Pronoun: S\u00ed, lo<\/span><\/strong> leo. Lo<\/span><\/strong> leo en l\u00ednea.<\/p>\n

Yes, I read it. I read it online.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(3)<\/p>\n

Noun: Veo a Mar\u00eda<\/strong> cada ma\u00f1ana.<\/p>\n

I see Mar\u00eda every morning.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Who do you see?\u00a0\u2192\u00a0Mar\u00eda<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

(4)<\/p>\n

Pronoun: La<\/span><\/strong> veo cuando voy a clases.<\/p>\n

I see her when I go to class.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n


\n\"Unit<\/strong><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

Note that in Spanish, when the direct object refers to one or more specific persons, the word a <\/span><\/em><\/strong>is placed before the direct object<\/strong><\/em>, such<\/span> as in the example above, \u201cVeo a Mar\u00eda<\/em><\/strong><\/span> cada ma\u00f1ana\u201d. This Spanish a <\/strong><\/em><\/span>is called the personal a.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

The Spanish personal a<\/strong><\/span><\/em> is required and has no equivalent in English.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Direct Object Pronouns referring to things or objects<\/h3>\n

Situation<\/span><\/h3>\n

Al llegar a la playa, nuestra madre quiere saber si tenemos las cosas que necesitamos.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(5)<\/p>\n

A: \u00bfEl traje de ba\u00f1o?<\/p>\n

The swim suit?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B: S\u00ed, (yo) lo<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0tengo.<\/p>\n

Yes, I have it.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(6)<\/p>\n

A: \u00bfLa crema protectora?<\/p>\n

The sunscreen?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B: S\u00ed. (nosotros) <\/span>La<\/span><\/strong> tenemos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yes. We have it.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(7)<\/p>\n

A: \u00bfLas gorras?<\/p>\n

The caps?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B: S\u00ed, (nosotros) las<\/span><\/strong> tenemos.<\/p>\n

Yes, we have them.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(8)<\/p>\n

A: \u00bfLos bolsos de playa?<\/p>\n

The beach tote bags?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B: S\u00ed. (nosotros) los<\/span><\/strong> tenemos.<\/p>\n

Yes, we have them.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Direct Object Pronouns referring to people<\/h3>\n

Situation<\/span><\/h3>\n

Jorge\u00a0ve a muchas personas en su barrio.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(9)<\/p>\n

Jorge me<\/span><\/strong> ve.\u00a0(a m\u00ed)<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge sees me. (me)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(10)<\/p>\n

Jorge te<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ve. (a ti)<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge sees you. (you, infl)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(11)<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge lo\/la<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ve.\u00a0(a \u00e9l\/ella\/Ud.)<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge sees him\/her\/you. (him\/her\/you fml.)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(12)<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge nos<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ve.\u00a0(a nosotros).<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge sees us. (us)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(13)<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge os\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>ve.\u00a0(a vosotros).<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge sees you all.<\/b>\u00a0(you all, infl. Only in Spain)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(14)<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge los\/las<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ve.\u00a0(a ellos\/ellas\/Uds.).<\/span><\/p>\n

Jorge sees them\/you all. (them\/ you pl.)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Direct object placement<\/h3>\n

With negative words<\/span><\/h3>\n

When a negative word is present, the pronoun is placed between the negative word and the conjugated verb. Direct object pronouns generally precede conjugated verbs.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(15)<\/p>\n

A.\u00bfCompras la ropa de dise\u00f1adores<\/strong>?<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 Do you buy designer’s clothes?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B. No. No <\/span>la<\/span><\/strong> compro porque es muy cara.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0No. I do not buy <\/span>them<\/span> because they are very expensive.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Note: La ropa<\/strong> in Spanish is a collective singular noun!<\/span><\/p>\n

(16)<\/span><\/p>\n

A. \u00bfVes los desfiles de moda<\/strong> en la televisi\u00f3n?<\/p>\n

Do you watch fashion shows on television.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B. No, no los<\/span><\/strong> veo nunca. No me gustan.<\/p>\n

No, I never watch <\/span><\/em>them<\/em>.<\/strong><\/span> I do not like <\/span>them.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

With infinitives or present participles<\/span><\/h3>\n

When the conjugated verb is followed by <\/span>an infinitive or present participle<\/strong> (<\/span>gerundio<\/em>), the direct object pronoun may be attached to the end of either of these forms or it may be placed before the conjugated verb.<\/span><\/p>\n

(17)<\/p>\n

A. \u00bfVamos a comprar las botas<\/strong> hoy?<\/p>\n

Are we going to buy the boots today?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B. \u00bfLas<\/span><\/strong> vamos a comprar hoy? \u00a0 O:\u00a0\u00a0\u00bfVamos a comprarlas<\/span><\/strong> hoy?<\/p>\n

Are we going to buy them today.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(18)<\/p>\n

A: \u00bfLos chicos est\u00e1n buscando las rebajas?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Are they looking for (the) sale\/ reduced items?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B: \u00bfLas<\/span><\/strong> est\u00e1n buscando? \u00a0O: \u00bfEst\u00e1n busc\u00e1ndolas<\/span><\/strong>?<\/p>\n

Are they looking for them?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Note the addition of a written accent<\/strong> on the present participle<\/strong> when the pronoun is attached.<\/p>\n

<\/h6>\n

The neuter direct object pronoun lo<\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n

The neuter direct object pronoun lo<\/span><\/strong> usually refers to an idea, a statement, an action, or a situation. The neuter direct object pronoun corresponds to the English words\u00a0it<\/strong><\/em> or that.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

(19)<\/p>\n

Dicen que la ropa es muy barata en los EE.UU., pero no lo<\/span><\/strong> creo.<\/p>\n

They say clothing is very cheap in the US, but I do not believe it \/ that.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Other examples:<\/p>\n

(20) <\/span><\/p>\n

Lo<\/span> siento,<\/strong><\/span> pero no quiero gastar tanto dinero en ropa.<\/p>\n

I\u2019m sorry (about it), but I don\u2019t want to spend so much money on clothes.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(21)<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo<\/span><\/strong> veo y no lo<\/span><\/strong> creo.<\/p>\n

I see it, but I don\u2019t believe it.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

<\/h6>\n

Verbs \u00a0frequently used with Direct Object Pronouns in Spanish<\/h3>\n

\"Unit<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PR\u00c1CTICA<\/h3>\n

Responde a las preguntas usando pronombres de objeto directo.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00bfMe escuchaste?<\/p>\n

No, no

 <\/p>\n

\u00bfQui\u00e9n toc\u00f3 la campana de Dolores?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00bfConoces las historias de la independencia<\/p>\n

S\u00ed,